Not so long ago, no conversation about innovation
would be complete without the story of 3M inventor Art Fry’s eureka
moment that led to the Post-it Note. Today, that tale, which verges on
cliche, has been almost universally replaced by the story of the iPod,
Apple’s omnipresent icon of design.
It should come as little surprise, then, that Apple
tops the BusinessWeek-Boston Consulting Group’s list of the World’s
Most Innovative Companies for the third year in a row. That sort of
staying power speaks volumes about the sort of innovation that matters
today. Unlike the Post-it Note, which proves the value of lone
inventors, the iPod epitomizes today’s innovation sensibilities. These
include the ascendance of design, the focus on the user’s experience,
and the power of ecosystems: The iPod is a hit because it works so
seamlessly with the iTunes software. The company’s much-anticipated
iPhone, which launches in June, will likely keep Apple high on our list
next year too.
There are some surprises this year, including four
new companies in the top 25—Disney, Boeing, Genentech, and Cisco
Systems. In other cases, the resilience of corporate reputation was
surprising. Wal-Mart Stores suffers from slow growth, but still
commands respect for its supply-chain innovations. Dell wears the brand
halo of an innovator for its efficient direct-to-consumer model, though
it suffered through a management shakeup and fell from No. 14 to No.
22. And what of 3M? It fell too, from No. 3 in 2006 to No. 7 this year.
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| 1 | 1 | APPLE | Cupertino, CA | USA | North America | 50.60 | 29.21 | NA*** | 34 | | 2 | 2 | GOOGLE | Mountain View, CA | USA | North America | NA^ | NA^ | NA^ | 1 | | 3 | 4 | TOYOTA MOTOR | Toyota | Japan | Asia | 20.50 | 8.30 | 5.21 | 361 | | 4 | 6 | GENERAL ELECTRIC | Fairfield, CT | USA | North America | 1.11 | 5.06 | 1.36 | 155 | | 5 | 5 | MICROSOFT | Redmond, WA | USA | North America | 0.83 | 11.85 | -3.04 | 174 | | 6 | 7 | PROCTER & GAMBLE | Cincinnati, OH | USA | North America | 12.20 | 11.69 | 3.70 | 105 | | 7 | 3 | 3M | St. Paul, MN | USA | North America | 7.77 | 7.35 | 5.49 | 57 | | 8 | 43 | WALT DISNEY CO. | Burbank, CA | USA | North America | 11.71 | 6.29 | 7.35 | 8 | | 9 | 10 | IBM | Armonk, NY | USA | North America | -3.48 | 1.26 | 4.97 | 94 | | 10 | 13 | SONY | Tokyo | Japan | Asia | -2.62 | 0.60 | 1.14 | 418 | | 11 | 20 | WAL-MART | Bentonville, AR | USA | North America | -3.35 | 9.79 | 3.54 | 0 | | 12 | 23 | HONDA MOTOR | Tokyo | Japan | Asia | 13.61 | 7.40 | 0.38 | 377 | | 13 | 8 | NOKIA | Espoo | Finland | Europe | -9.24 | 5.68 | 4.37 | 287 | | 14 | 9 | STARBUCKS | Seattle, WA | USA | North America | 30.04 | 24.07 | 1.51 | 2 | | 15 | 22 | TARGET | Minneapolis, MN | USA | North America | 7.55 | 8.32 | 4.23 | 0 | | 16 | 16 | BMW | Munich | Germany | Europe | 4.30 | 4.96 | -1.23 | 84 | | 17 | 12 | SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS | Seoul | South Korea | Asia | 36.24 | 4.60 | 8.07 | 1000 | | 18 | 11 | VIRGIN GROUP | London | United Kingdom | Europe | Private | Private | Private | 0 | | 19 | 17 | INTEL | Santa Clara, CA | USA | North America | -7.57 | 5.92 | 12.55 | 216 | | 20 | 21 | AMAZON.COM | Seattle, WA | USA | North America | 29.53 | 27.96 | NA*** | 0 | | 21 | 70 | BOEING | Chicago, IL | USA | North America | 19.91 | 1.12 | -4.23 | 59 | | 22 | 14 | DELL | Round Rock, TX | USA | North America | -1.59 | 12.87 | -5.24 | 16 | | 23 | 27 | GENENTECH | South San Francisco, CA | USA | North America | 24.50 | 34.85 | 32.40 | 4 | | 24 | 18 | EBAY | San Jose, CA | USA | North America | 12.45 | 51.47 | 4.91 | 1 | | 25 | 28 | CISCO SYSTEMS | San Jose, CA | USA | North America | 8.58 | 5.02 | 205.04 | 20 | | 26 | 30 | MOTOROLA | Schaumburg, IL | USA | North America | 10.10 | 7.40 | NA*** | 466 | | 27 | 25 | SOUTHWEST AIRLINES | Dallas, TX | USA | North America | -3.57 | 10.34 | -1.98 | 0 | | 28 | 15 | IDEO | Palo Alto, CA | USA | North America | Private | Private | Private | 1 | | 28 | 19 | IKEA | Helsingborg | Sweden | Europe | Private | Private | Private | 0 | | 30 | 31 | DAIMLERCHRYSLER | Stuttgart | Germany | Europe | 4.22 | -0.16 | 19.00 | 181 | | 31 | 42 | HEWLETT-PACKARD | Palo Alto, CA | USA | North America | 16.70 | 15.17 | 10.47 | 258 | | 32 | 29 | NIKE | Beaverton, OR | USA | North America | 13.21 | 9.58 | 3.78 | 822 | | 33 | 40 | BP | London | United Kingdom | Europe | 11.80 | 8.52 | 3.49 | 2 | | 34 | 24 | RESEARCH IN MOTION | Waterloo | Canada | North America | NA^ | NA^ | NA^ | 34 | | 35 | NR | AT&T | San Antonio, TX | USA | North America | 3.00 | 6.55 | -7.27 | 16 | | 36 | NR | CITIGROUP | New York, NY | USA | North America | 6.70 | 5.57 | 3.81 | 1 | | 37 | NR | VERIZON | New York, NY, | USA | North America | 0.20 | 5.58 | -6.80 | 5 | | 38 | 67 | ROYAL PHILIPS ELECTRONICS | Amsterdam | The Netherlands | Europe | -1.10 | -3.56 | NA*** | 97 | | 39 | NR | NINTENDO | Kyoto | Japan | Asia | 7.80 | 2.60 | 0.30 | 8 | | 40 | 84 | COSTCO WHOLESALE | Issaquah, WA | USA | North America | 4.07 | 11.57 | -1.44 | 0 | | 41 | NR | VOLKSWAGEN | Wolfsburg | Germany | Europe | 14.66 | 3.44 | -18.88 | 4 | | 42 | 55 | PFIZER | New York, NY | USA | North America | -5.89 | 8.56 | -4.36 | 15 | | 43 | NR | BEST BUY | Richfield, MN | USA | North America | 8.86 | 10.71 | 3.20 | 0 | | 44 | 53 | JOHNSON & JOHNSON | New Brunswick, NJ | USA | North America | 4.14 | 10.02 | 1.33 | 31 | | 45 | 87 | AMGEN | Thousand Oaks, CA | USA | North America | 3.89 | 28.86 | -4.33 | 1 | | 46 | NR | MERCK | Whitehouse Station, NJ | USA | North America | -1.20 | -13.86 | 6.16 | 7 | | 47 | NR | NEWS CORPORATION | New York, NY | USA | North America | 11.00 | 14.19 | 4.18 | 0 | | 48 | 100 | MCDONALD'S | Oak Brook, IL | USA | North America | 12.87 | 7.74 | 1.61 | 0 | | 49 | 85 | LG ELECTRONICS | Seoul | South Korea | Asia | NA^ | NA^ | NA^ | 394 | | 50 | 51 | EXXONMOBIL | Irving, TX | USA | North America | 16.75 | 15.03 | 9.09 | 17 | |
| Methodology The BusinessWeek-Boston Consulting Group 2007
list of the World’s Most Innovative Companies is based on a senior
management survey about innovation and was distributed electronically
to executives worldwide in late 2006. In October, surveys were sent to
the 1,500 largest global corporations, determined by market
capitalization in U.S. dollars, with instructions to send the survey to
their top 10 executives in charge of innovation. We also distributed
the survey to senior management members of the BusinessWeek Market
Advisory Board, an online panel consisting of BusinessWeek readers, and
via the Knowledge@Wharton e-mail newsletter. Survey participation was
voluntary and anonymous, and the survey closed in March, 2007. The
survey consisted of 20 general questions on innovation and an optional
12 questions focused on innovation metrics. A total of 2,468 executives answered the survey. Of those
indicating their location, 77% were from North America, 12% were from
Europe, and 9% were from Asia or the Pacific region. A larger share of
North American voters this year may explain some movement in the
rankings of some companies on our list.
Analysis and data provided in collaboration with the
innovation practice of The Boston Consulting Group, BCG-ValueScience,
along with Standard & Poor's Compustat data and company reports,
and the Delphion patent database. We broke ties by comparing one-year
total shareholder returns between 12/30/05 and 12/29/06. In ties
between a public and a private company, we assumed the private
company's shareholder return to be equal to the average return of the
public companies on the list, or 19.6%. Ties remain only where two or
more private companies receive the same number of votes.
*Stock returns are annualized,12/31/01 to 12/29/06, and account for
price appreciation and dividends. Compound growth rates for revenues
and operating margins are based on 2001-2006 fiscal year data as it was
originally stated. Operating margin is earnings before interest and
taxes as a percentage of revenue. Where possible, quarterly and
semi-annual data are being used to bring performance for pre-June year
ends closer to December 2006. Financial figures are calculated in local
currency.
**The patent citation index reflects how often the company's
patents filed over the past five years have been cited as a basis for
other innovation. The number is calculated by adding, for all patents
filed between 2001 and 2005, the number of times each patent or
application has been cited or mentioned by other patents up until
December 31, 2006. We then adjusted the citation counts for patent age,
since older patents have a greater likelihood of being cited than more
recent ones. The age-adjusted counts were then indexed to a linear
scale
***Calculating five-year compound annual growth rate for operating margins was not possible when either figure was negative.
^Insufficient data.
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